閱讀目錄

當數據庫中數據有很多，我們通常會在前端頁面做分頁展示。

分頁的數據可以在前端頁面實現，也可以在后端實現分頁。

后端實現分頁的原理就是每次只請求一頁數據。

準備工作

我們使用腳本批量創建一些測試數據（將下面的代碼保存到bulk_create.py文件中放到Django項目的根目錄，直接執行即可。）

測試數據創建

-------------------------------------------------------------------- 注：如果你對python感興趣，我這有個學習Python基地，里面有很多學習資料，感興趣的+Q群：895817687 --------------------------------------------------------------------import osif __name__ == "__main__":os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "about_orm.settings")import djangodjango.setup()from app01 import modelsbulk_obj = (models.Publisher(name='沙河第{}出版社'.format(i)) for i in range(300))models.Publisher.objects.bulk_create(bulk_obj)

自定義分頁

手擼版（內部實現原理）

def publisher_list(request):# 從URL中取當前訪問的頁碼數try:current_page = int(request.GET.get('page'))except Exception as e:# 取不到或者頁碼數不是數字都默認展示第1頁current_page = 1# 總數據量total_count = models.Publisher.objects.count()# 定義每頁顯示多少條數據per_page = 10# 計算出總頁碼數total_page, more = divmod(total_count, per_page)if more:total_page += 1# 定義頁面上最多顯示多少頁碼(為了左右對稱，一般設為奇數)max_show = 11half_show = max_show // 2# 計算一下頁面顯示的頁碼范圍if total_page <= max_show: # 總頁碼數小于最大顯示頁碼數page_start = 1page_end = total_pageelif current_page + half_show >= total_page: # 右邊越界page_end = total_pagepage_start = total_page - max_showelif current_page - half_show <= 1: # 左邊越界page_start = 1page_end = max_showelse: # 正常頁碼區間page_start = current_page - half_showpage_end = current_page + half_show# 數據索引起始位置data_start = (current_page-1) * per_pagedata_end = current_page * per_pagepublisher_list = models.Publisher.objects.all()[data_start:data_end]# 生成頁面上顯示的頁碼page_html_list = []page_html_list.append('<nav aria-label="Page navigation"><ul class="pagination">')# 加首頁first_li = '<li><a href="/publisher_list/?page=1">首頁</a></li>'page_html_list.append(first_li)# 加上一頁if current_page == 1:prev_li = '<li><a href="#"><span aria-hidden="true">&laquo;</span></a></li>'else:prev_li = '<li><a href="/publisher_list/?page={}"><span aria-hidden="true">&laquo;</span></a></li>'.format(current_page - 1)page_html_list.append(prev_li)for i in range(page_start, page_end + 1):if i == current_page:li_tag = '<li class="active"><a href="/publisher_list/?page={0}">{0}</a></li>'.format(i)else:li_tag = '<li><a href="/publisher_list/?page={0}">{0}</a></li>'.format(i)page_html_list.append(li_tag)# 加下一頁if current_page == total_page:next_li = '<li><a href="#"><span aria-hidden="true">&raquo;</span></a></li>'else:next_li = '<li><a href="/publisher_list/?page={}"><span aria-hidden="true">&raquo;</span></a></li>'.format(current_page + 1)page_html_list.append(next_li)# 加尾頁page_end_li = '<li><a href="/publisher_list/?page={}">尾頁</a></li>'.format(total_page)page_html_list.append(page_end_li)page_html_list.append('</ul></nav>')page_html = "".join(page_html_list)return render(request, "publisher_list.html", {"publisher_list": publisher_list, "page_html": page_html})

模板封裝建議使用版

class Pagination(object):"""自定義分頁（Bootstrap版）"""def __init__(self, current_page, total_count, base_url, per_page=10, max_show=11):""":param current_page: 當前請求的頁碼:param total_count: 總數據量:param base_url: 請求的URL:param per_page: 每頁顯示的數據量，默認值為10:param max_show: 頁面上最多顯示多少個頁碼，默認值為11"""try:self.current_page = int(current_page)except Exception as e:# 取不到或者頁碼數不是數字都默認展示第1頁self.current_page = 1# 定義每頁顯示多少條數據self.per_page = per_page# 計算出總頁碼數total_page, more = divmod(total_count, per_page)if more:total_page += 1self.total_page = total_page# 定義頁面上最多顯示多少頁碼(為了左右對稱，一般設為奇數)self.max_show = max_showself.half_show = max_show // 2self.base_url = base_url@propertydef start(self):return (self.current_page-1) * self.per_page@propertydef end(self):return self.current_page * self.per_pagedef page_html(self):# 計算一下頁面顯示的頁碼范圍if self.total_page <= self.max_show: # 總頁碼數小于最大顯示頁碼數page_start = 1page_end = self.total_pageelif self.current_page + self.half_show >= self.total_page: # 右邊越界page_end = self.total_pagepage_start = self.total_page - self.max_showelif self.current_page - self.half_show <= 1: # 左邊越界page_start = 1page_end = self.max_showelse: # 正常頁碼區間page_start = self.current_page - self.half_showpage_end = self.current_page + self.half_show# 生成頁面上顯示的頁碼page_html_list = []page_html_list.append('<nav aria-label="Page navigation"><ul class="pagination">')# 加首頁first_li = '<li><a href="{}?page=1">首頁</a></li>'.format(self.base_url)page_html_list.append(first_li)# 加上一頁if self.current_page == 1:prev_li = '<li><a href="#"><span aria-hidden="true">&laquo;</span></a></li>'else:prev_li = '<li><a href="{}?page={}"><span aria-hidden="true">&laquo;</span></a></li>'.format(self.base_url, self.current_page - 1)page_html_list.append(prev_li)for i in range(page_start, page_end + 1):if i == self.current_page:li_tag = '<li class="active"><a href="{0}?page={1}">{1}</a></li>'.format(self.base_url, i)else:li_tag = '<li><a href="{0}?page={1}">{1}</a></li>'.format(self.base_url, i)page_html_list.append(li_tag)# 加下一頁if self.current_page == self.total_page:next_li = '<li><a href="#"><span aria-hidden="true">&raquo;</span></a></li>'else:next_li = '<li><a href="{}?page={}"><span aria-hidden="true">&raquo;</span></a></li>'.format(self.base_url, self.current_page + 1)page_html_list.append(next_li)# 加尾頁page_end_li = '<li><a href="{}?page={}">尾頁</a></li>'.format(self.base_url, self.total_page)page_html_list.append(page_end_li)page_html_list.append('</ul></nav>')return "".join(page_html_list)

實例

后端def publisher_list(request):# 從URL中取當前訪問的頁碼數current_page = int(request.GET.get('page'))# 比len(models.Publisher.objects.all())更高效total_count = models.Publisher.objects.count()page_obj = Pagination(current_page, total_count, request.path_info)data = models.Publisher.objects.all()[page_obj.start:page_obj.end]page_html = page_obj.page_html()return render(request, "publisher_list.html", locals())前端循環顯示那： {% for i in publisher_list %} .... {% endfor %}{{ page_obj.page_html|safe }}

Django內置分頁

Django內置分頁view版

from django.shortcuts import render from django.core.paginator import Paginator, EmptyPage, PageNotAnIntegerL = [] for i in range(999):L.append(i)def index(request):current_page = request.GET.get('p')paginator = Paginator(L, 10)# per_page: 每頁顯示條目數量# count: 數據總個數# num_pages:總頁數# page_range:總頁數的索引范圍，如: (1,10),(1,200)# page: page對象try:posts = paginator.page(current_page)# has_next 是否有下一頁# next_page_number 下一頁頁碼# has_previous 是否有上一頁# previous_page_number 上一頁頁碼# object_list 分頁之后的數據列表# number 當前頁# paginator paginator對象except PageNotAnInteger:posts = paginator.page(1)except EmptyPage:posts = paginator.page(paginator.num_pages)return render(request, 'index.html', {'posts': posts})

Django內置分頁html版

<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head lang="en"><meta charset="UTF-8"><title></title> </head> <body> <ul>{% for item in posts %}<li>{{ item }}</li>{% endfor %} </ul><div class="pagination"><span class="step-links">{% if posts.has_previous %}<a href="?p={{ posts.previous_page_number }}">Previous</a>{% endif %}<span class="current">Page {{ posts.number }} of {{ posts.paginator.num_pages }}.</span>{% if posts.has_next %}<a href="?p={{ posts.next_page_number }}">Next</a>{% endif %}</span></div> </body> </html>

總結

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