? ?數據對于大部分公司來說都是最重要的部分，而MySQL的服務器在同步數據時，默認是使用明文進行傳輸，所以接下來就來說說MySQL基于SSL協議進行密文傳輸數據的主從復制模式。

邏輯拓撲：

? ??

? ? 接下來的實驗中Master節點服務器即使Master節點數據庫服務器，同時也是CA。

環境準備：

? ? 一、主從服務器時間需要同步：

? ? ? ? ? ? [root@node9 ~]# chronyc sources

? ? ? ? ? ? 210 Number of sources = 1

? ? ? ? ? ? MS Name/IP address???????? Stratum Poll Reach LastRx Last sample

? ? ? ? ? ? ===============================================================================

? ? ? ? ? ? ^* server.magelinux.com????????? 3?? 7?? 377??? 82??? +71us[ +148us] +/-? 100ms

?

? ? ? ? ? ?[root@node10 ~]# chronyc? sources

? ? ? ? ? ?210 Number of sources = 1

? ? ? ? ? ?MS Name/IP address???????? Stratum Poll Reach LastRx Last sample

? ? ? ? ? ?===============================================================================

? ? ? ? ? ?^* server.magelinux.com????????? 3?? 7?? 377??? 95?? +116us[ +155us] +/-? 100ms

? ? 二、主節點node9搭建好CA環境：

? ? ? ? ? ? [root@node9 ~]# cd /etc/pki/CA???

????????????[root@node9 CA]# touch index.txt serial

????????????[root@node9 CA]# echo 01 > serial ??????????????????????????

????????????[root@node9 CA]# (umask 077;openssl genrsa -out cakey.pem 2048)??????????

? ? ? ? ? ? [root@node9 CA]# openssl req -new -x509 -key private/cakey.pem -out cacert.pem -days 3650

? ? ? ? ? ? You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated

? ? ? ? ? ? into your certificate request.

????????What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.

????????There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank

????????For some fields there will be a default value,

????????If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.

????????-----

????????Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:CN

????????State or Province Name (full name) []:BeiJing

????????Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:BeiJing

????????Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:hisen

????????Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:Ops

????????Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:ca.hisen.com

????????Email Address []:admin.com

? ? 三、主節點node9生成證書申請，并由CA進行簽署：

????????[root@node9 ~]# cd /var/lib/mysql/ssl/

????????[root@node9 ssl]# (umask 077;openssl genrsa -out master.key 2048)

?

????????[root@node9 ssl]# openssl req -new -key master.key -out master.csr -days 3650

????????You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated

????????into your certificate request.

????????What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.

????????There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank

????????For some fields there will be a default value,

????????If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.

????????-----

????????Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:CN

????????State or Province Name (full name) []:BeiJing

????????Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:BeiJing

????????Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:hisen

????????Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:Ops

????????Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:master.hisen.com

????????Email Address []:master.com

?????????

????????Please enter the following 'extra' attributes

????????to be sent with your certificate request

????????A challenge password []:

????????An optional company name []:

??????????????????????????

????????[root@node9 ssl]# openssl ca -in master.csr -out master.crt -days 2048

????????Using configuration from /etc/pki/tls/openssl.cnf

????????Check that the request matches the signature

????????Signature ok

????????Certificate Details:

??????????????? Serial Number: 1 (0x1)

??????????????? Validity

??????????????????? Not Before: Feb 22 11:21:11 2017 GMT

??????????????????? Not After : Oct? 2 11:21:11 2022 GMT

??????????????? Subject:

??????????????????? countryName?????????????? = CN

??????????????????? stateOrProvinceName?????? = BeiJing

??????????????????? organizationName????????? = hisen

??????????????????? organizationalUnitName??? = Ops

??????????????????? commonName??????????????? = master.hisen.com

??????????????????? emailAddress????????????? = master.com

??????????????? X509v3 extensions:

??????????????????? X509v3 Basic Constraints:

??????????????????????? CA:FALSE

??????????????????? Netscape Comment:

??????????????????????? OpenSSL Generated Certificate

??????????????????? X509v3 Subject Key Identifier:

??????????????????????? 2B:1D:F7:18:00:89:1B:CB:6D:09:59:4B:5E:03:78:BA:60:6A:62:BB

??????????????????? X509v3 Authority Key Identifier:

??????????????????????? keyid:C4:30:C5:87:EB:80:6C:87:AE:60:71:FC:E9:79:1F:5A:31:57:5B:88

?????????

????????Certificate is to be certified until Oct? 2 11:21:11 2022 GMT (2048 days)

????????Sign the certificate? [y/n]:y

?????????

?????????

????????1 out of 1 certificate requests certified, commit? [y/n]y

????????Write out database with 1 new entries

????????Data Base Updated

????????
? ? 四、從節點node10生成證書，并由CA進行簽署：

????????[root@node10 ~]# cd /var/lib/mysql/ssl

????????[root@node10 ssl]# (umask 077;openssl genrsa -out slave.key 2048)

????????Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus

????????..+++

????????...........................................................+++

????????e is 65537 (0x10001)

?????????

????????[root@node10 ssl]# (umask 077;openssl genrsa -out slave.key 2048)

????????Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus

????????..+++

????????...........................................................+++

????????e is 65537 (0x10001)

????????[root@node10 ssl]# openssl req -new -key slave.key -out slave.csr -days 3650

????????You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated

????????into your certificate request.

????????What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.

????????There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank

????????For some fields there will be a default value,

????????If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.

????????-----

????????Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:CN

????????State or Province Name (full name) []:BeiJing?

????????Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:BeiJing

????????Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:hisen

????????Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:Ops

????????Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:slave.hisen.com

????????Email Address []:slave.com

?????????

????????Please enter the following 'extra' attributes

????????to be sent with your certificate request

????????A challenge password []:

????????An optional company name []:

?????????

?????????????????? [root@node10 ssl]# scp slave.csr 192.168.17.90:/root

?????????

????????[root@node9 ~]# openssl ca -in slave.csr -out slave.crt -days 3650

????????Using configuration from /etc/pki/tls/openssl.cnf

????????Check that the request matches the signature

????????Signature ok

????????Certificate Details:

??????????????? Serial Number: 2 (0x2)

??????????????? Validity

??????????????????? Not Before: Feb 22 11:27:17 2017 GMT

??????????????????? Not After : Feb 20 11:27:17 2027 GMT

??????????????? Subject:

??????????????????? countryName?????????????? = CN

??????????????????? stateOrProvinceName?????? = BeiJing

??????????????????? organizationName????????? = hisen

??????????????????? organizationalUnitName??? = Ops

??????????????????? commonName??????????????? = slave.hisen.com

??????????????????? emailAddress????????????? = slave.com

??????????????? X509v3 extensions:

??????????????????? X509v3 Basic Constraints:

??????????????????????? CA:FALSE

??????????????????? Netscape Comment:

??????????????????????? OpenSSL Generated Certificate

??????????????????? X509v3 Subject Key Identifier:

??????????????????????? 68:31:D7:B1:03:5A:C0:6E:A3:58:4D:67:53:AC:F7:F5:1E:2A:19:4E

??????????????????? X509v3 Authority Key Identifier:

??????????????????????? keyid:C4:30:C5:87:EB:80:6C:87:AE:60:71:FC:E9:79:1F:5A:31:57:5B:88

?????????

????????Certificate is to be certified until Feb 20 11:27:17 2027 GMT (3650 days)

????????Sign the certificate? [y/n]:y

?????????

?????????

????????1 out of 1 certificate requests certified, commit? [y/n]y

????????Write out database with 1 new entries

????????Data Base Updated

?????????? [root@node9 ~]# scp slave.crt 192.168.17.100:/var/lib/mysql/ssl/

? ? 五、將node9的CA證書復制給Master和Slave各一份：

????????[root@node9 ~]# cp /etc/pki/CA/cacert.pem /var/lib/mysql/ssl/??? #復制CA證書到本地

????????[root@node9 ~]# scp /etc/pki/CA/cacert.pem 192.168.17.100:/var/lib/mysql/ssl/?? #復制CA到node10

? ? 六、修改/var/lib/mysql/ssl/下文件的屬主屬組以及給予最小權限：

????????[root@node9 ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql/ssl/ ; chmod 600 /var/lib/mysql/ssl/*??

????????[root@node10 ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql/ssl/ ; chmod 600 /var/lib/mysql/ssl/*?

MySQL文件配置：

Master：????????

????????[mysqld]

????????datadir=/var/lib/mysql

????????socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

????????symbolic-links=0

????????skip_name_resolve=ON

????????innodb_file_per_table=1

????????server_id=2

????????log-bin=master-log

????????ssl??????????????????????????????????? #開啟SSL

????????ssl_ca=/var/lib/mysql/ssl/cacert.pem?????? #Master節點CA證書存放位置

????????ssl_cert=/var/lib/mysql/ssl/master.crt?? #Master節點證書

????????ssl_key=/var/lib/mysql/ssl/master.key???? #Master節點key

?

Slave：

????????[mysqld]

????????datadir=/var/lib/mysql

????????socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

????????symbolic-links=0

????????skip_name_resolve=ON

????????innodb_file_per_table=ON

????????server_id=3

????????relay-log=relay-log

????????read-only=1

????????ssl??????????????????????????????????? #開啟SSL

????????ssl_ca=/var/lib/mysql/ssl/cacert.pem??? #Slave節點CA證書存放位置

????????ssl_cert=/var/lib/mysql/ssl/slave.crt? #Slave節點證書

????????ssl_key=/var/lib/mysql/ssl/slave.key??? #Slave節點key

????????
MySQL服務配置：

? ? 一、啟動MySQL服務，并查看MySQL中SSL信息：

????????[root@node9 ~]# systemctl start mariadb.service?? #啟動node9的MySQL服務

????????MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW GLOBAL VARIABLES LIKE '%ssl%';? #查看node9的SSL信息

????????+---------------+-------------------------------+

????????| Variable_name | Value???????????????????????? |

????????+---------------+-------------------------------+

????????| have_openssl? | YES?????????????????????????? |

????????| have_ssl????? | YES?????????????????????????? |

????????| ssl_ca??????? | /var/lib/mysql/ssl/cacert.pem |

????????| ssl_capath??? |?????????????????????????????? |

????????| ssl_cert????? | /var/lib/mysql/ssl/master.crt |

????????| ssl_cipher??? |?????????????????????????????? |

????????| ssl_key?????? | /var/lib/mysql/ssl/master.key |

????????+---------------+-------------------------------+

????????7 rows in set (0.01 sec)

?

????????[root@node10 ssl]# systemctl start mariadb.service? #啟動node10的MySQL服務

????????MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW GLOBAL VARIABLES LIKE '%ssl%';? #查看node10的SSL信息

????????+---------------+-------------------------------+

????????| Variable_name | Value???????????????????????? |

????????+---------------+-------------------------------+

????????| have_openssl? | YES?????????????????????????? |

????????| have_ssl????? | YES?????????????????????????? |

????????| ssl_ca??????? | /var/lib/mysql/ssl/cacert.pem |

????????| ssl_capath??? |?????????????????????????????? |

????????| ssl_cert????? | /var/lib/mysql/ssl/slave.crt? |

????????| ssl_cipher??? |?????????????????????????????? |

????????| ssl_key?????? | /var/lib/mysql/ssl/slave.key? |

????????+---------------+-------------------------------+

????????7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

? ? 二、Master節點授權一個能用于SSL協議進行復制信息的用戶，并測試用戶：

????????MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE,REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'userssl'@'192.168.17.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'passwordssl' REQUIRE SSL;

????????Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)?? #授權一個僅能夠通過SSL復制數據的用戶

?????????

????????MariaDB [(none)]> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;???? #刷新權限

????????Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

?????????

????????[root@node9 ~]# mysql -uuserssl -ppasswordssl -h192.168.17.90 \

????????> --ssl_ca=/var/lib/mysql/ssl/cacert.pem \

????????> --ssl_cert=/var/lib/mysql/ssl/master.crt \

????????> --ssl_key=/var/lib/mysql/ssl/master.key ? ? ? ? ? ? ?#測試用戶能否使用SSL協議登錄

????????Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.? Commands end with ; or \g.

????????Your MariaDB connection id is 4

????????Server version: 5.5.44-MariaDB-log MariaDB Server

?????????

????????Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

?????????

????????Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

?????????

????????MariaDB [(none)]>?

? ? 三、配置Slave節點，指向Master節點：

????????Master節點當前正在使用的binlog文件：master-log.000004，以及binlog位置：512?? ????

????????MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW MASTER STATUS;

????????+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

????????| File????????????? | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |

????????+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

????????| master-log.000004 |????? 512 |????????????? |????????????????? |

????????+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

????????1 row in set (0.00 sec)

? ? ? ?

? ? ? ? ??

? ? ? ? Slave節點配置：

????????MariaDB [(none)]> CHANGE MASTER TO

??????????? -> MASTER_HOST='192.168.17.90',

??????????? -> MASTER_USER='userssl',

??????????? -> MASTER_PASSWORD='passwordssl',

??????????? -> MASTER_LOG_FILE='master-log.000004',

??????????? -> MASTER_LOG_POS=512,

??????????? -> MASTER_SSL=1,

??????????? -> MASTER_SSL_CA='/var/lib/mysql/ssl/cacert.pem',

??????????? -> MASTER_SSL_CERT='/var/lib/mysql/ssl/slave.crt',

??????????? -> MASTER_SSL_KEY='/var/lib/mysql/ssl/slave.key';

????????Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

?????????

????????MariaDB [(none)]> START SLAVE;???啟動SLAVE功能

????????Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

?????????

????????MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G;? 查看SLAVE狀態信息

????????*************************** 1. row ***************************

?????????????????????? Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event

????????????????????????? Master_Host: 192.168.17.90

????????????????????????? Master_User: userssl

????????????????????????? Master_Port: 3306

??????????????????????? Connect_Retry: 60

????????????????????? Master_Log_File: master-log.000004

????????????????? Read_Master_Log_Pos: 512

?????????????????????? Relay_Log_File: relay-log.000002

??????????????????????? Relay_Log_Pos: 530

??????????????? Relay_Master_Log_File: master-log.000004

???????????????????? Slave_IO_Running: Yes

??????????????????? Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

????????????????????? Replicate_Do_DB:

????????????????? Replicate_Ignore_DB:

?????????????????? Replicate_Do_Table:

?????????????? Replicate_Ignore_Table:

????????????? Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:

????????? Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:

?????????????????????????? Last_Errno: 0

?????????????????????????? Last_Error:

???????????????????????? Skip_Counter: 0

????????????????? Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 512

????????????????????? Relay_Log_Space: 818

????????????????????? Until_Condition: None

?????????????????????? Until_Log_File:

??????????????????????? Until_Log_Pos: 0

?????????????????? Master_SSL_Allowed: Yes

?????????????????? Master_SSL_CA_File: /var/lib/mysql/ssl/cacert.pem

?????????????????? Master_SSL_CA_Path:

????????????????????? Master_SSL_Cert: /var/lib/mysql/ssl/slave.crt

??????????????????? Master_SSL_Cipher:

?????????????????????? Master_SSL_Key: /var/lib/mysql/ssl/slave.key

??????????????? Seconds_Behind_Master: 0

????????Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No

??????????????????????? Last_IO_Errno: 0

??????????????????????? Last_IO_Error:

?????????????????????? Last_SQL_Errno: 0

?????????????????????? Last_SQL_Error:

????????? Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:

???????????????????? Master_Server_Id: 2

????????1 row in set (0.00 sec)

????????

? ? 四、測試主從同步數據：

????????Master節點：???????

????????MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE hisendb;? node9主節點創建hisendb數據庫

????????Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

?????????

????????MariaDB [(none)]> USE hisendb;

????????Database changed

????????MariaDB [hisendb]> CREATE TABLE friends(id INT UNSIGNED PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL,Name VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,Age TINYINT,Gender ENUM('F','M'));

????????Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)??? #在hisendb數據庫中創建friends表

?????????

????????MariaDB [hisendb]> INSERT INTO friends VALUES (1,'Xu He',25,'M'),(2,'Xu Mingying',27,'F'),(3,'Tian Tao',26,'M'),(4,'LiangJuntao',28,'M');

????????Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.00 sec)?? #在friends表中插入數據

????????Records: 4? Duplicates: 0? Warnings: 0

?????????

????????MariaDB [hisendb]> SELECT * FROM friends;?? #查看結果

????????+----+--------------+------+--------+

????????| id | Name???????? | Age? | Gender |

????????+----+--------------+------+--------+

????????|? 1 | Xu He??????? |?? 25 | M????? |

????????|? 2 | Xu Mingying? |?? 27 | F????? |

????????|? 3 | Tian Tao???? |?? 26 | M????? |

????????|? 4 | Liang Juntao |?? 28 | M????? |

????????+----+--------------+------+--------+

????????4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

?

????????Slave節點：

????????MariaDB [(none)]> USE hisendb;?

????????Reading table information for completion of table and column names

????????You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

?????????

????????Database changed

????????MariaDB [hisendb]> SELECT * FROM friends;? #在從節點可以查看主節點寫入的數據

????????+----+--------------+------+--------+

????????| id | Name???????? | Age? | Gender |

????????+----+--------------+------+--------+

????????|? 1 | Xu He??????? |?? 25 | M????? |

????????|? 2 | Xu Mingying? |?? 27 | F????? |

????????|? 3 | Tian Tao???? |?? 26 | M????? |

????????|? 4 | Liang Juntao |?? 28 | M????? |

????????+----+--------------+------+--------+

????????4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

?

? ? ? ? 由上可知，主從已經完成基于SSL協議的數據復制。

?

轉載于:https://blog.51cto.com/hisen2devops/1909326

總結

以上是生活随笔為你收集整理的MySQL基于SSL协议的主从复制的全部內容，希望文章能夠幫你解決所遇到的問題。

如果覺得生活随笔網站內容還不錯，歡迎將生活随笔推薦給好友。