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scp命令:服务器间远程复制代码

發(fā)布時間:2023/12/10 编程问答 51 豆豆
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scp是secure copy的簡寫,用于在Linux下進行遠(yuǎn)程拷貝文件的命令,和它類似的命令有cp,不過cp只是在本機進行拷貝不能跨服務(wù)器,而且scp傳輸是加密的。可能會稍微影響一下速度。當(dāng)你服務(wù)器硬盤變?yōu)橹蛔x read only system時,用scp可以幫你把文件移出來。另外,scp還非常不占資源,不會提高多少系統(tǒng)負(fù)荷,在這一點上,rsync就遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不及它了。雖然 rsync比scp會快一點,但當(dāng)小文件眾多的情況下,rsync會導(dǎo)致硬盤I/O非常高,而scp基本不影響系統(tǒng)正常使用。

1.命令格式:

scp?[參數(shù)]?[原路徑]?[目標(biāo)路徑]

2.命令功能:

scp是 secure copy的縮寫, scp是linux系統(tǒng)下基于ssh登陸進行安全的遠(yuǎn)程文件拷貝命令。linux的scp命令可以在linux服務(wù)器之間復(fù)制文件和目錄。

3.命令參數(shù):

-1? 強制scp命令使用協(xié)議ssh1?

-2? 強制scp命令使用協(xié)議ssh2?

-4? 強制scp命令只使用IPv4尋址?

-6? 強制scp命令只使用IPv6尋址?

-B? 使用批處理模式(傳輸過程中不詢問傳輸口令或短語)?

-C? 允許壓縮。(將-C標(biāo)志傳遞給ssh,從而打開壓縮功能)?

-p 保留原文件的修改時間,訪問時間和訪問權(quán)限。?

-q? 不顯示傳輸進度條。?

-r? 遞歸復(fù)制整個目錄。?

-v 詳細(xì)方式顯示輸出。scp和ssh(1)會顯示出整個過程的調(diào)試信息。這些信息用于調(diào)試連接,驗證和配置問題。??

-c cipher? 以cipher將數(shù)據(jù)傳輸進行加密,這個選項將直接傳遞給ssh。??

-F ssh_config? 指定一個替代的ssh配置文件,此參數(shù)直接傳遞給ssh。?

-i identity_file? 從指定文件中讀取傳輸時使用的密鑰文件,此參數(shù)直接傳遞給ssh。???

-l limit? 限定用戶所能使用的帶寬,以Kbit/s為單位。????

-o ssh_option? 如果習(xí)慣于使用ssh_config(5)中的參數(shù)傳遞方式,??

-P port? 注意是大寫的P, port是指定數(shù)據(jù)傳輸用到的端口號??

-S program? 指定加密傳輸時所使用的程序。此程序必須能夠理解ssh(1)的選項。

4.使用實例:

scp命令的實際應(yīng)用概述:?

從本地服務(wù)器復(fù)制到遠(yuǎn)程服務(wù)器:

(1) 復(fù)制文件:?

命令格式:?

scp local_file remote_username@remote_ip:remote_folder?

或者?

scp local_file remote_username@remote_ip:remote_file?

或者?

scp local_file remote_ip:remote_folder?

或者?

scp local_file remote_ip:remote_file?

第1,2個指定了用戶名,命令執(zhí)行后需要輸入用戶密碼,第1個僅指定了遠(yuǎn)程的目錄,文件名字不變,第2個指定了文件名?

第3,4個沒有指定用戶名,命令執(zhí)行后需要輸入用戶名和密碼,第3個僅指定了遠(yuǎn)程的目錄,文件名字不變,第4個指定了文件名??

(2) 復(fù)制目錄:?

命令格式:?

scp -r local_folder remote_username@remote_ip:remote_folder?

或者?

scp -r local_folder remote_ip:remote_folder?

第1個指定了用戶名,命令執(zhí)行后需要輸入用戶密碼;?

第2個沒有指定用戶名,命令執(zhí)行后需要輸入用戶名和密碼;

從遠(yuǎn)程服務(wù)器復(fù)制到本地服務(wù)器:

從遠(yuǎn)程復(fù)制到本地的scp命令與上面的命令雷同,只要將從本地復(fù)制到遠(yuǎn)程的命令后面2個參數(shù)互換順序就行了。

實例1:從遠(yuǎn)處復(fù)制文件到本地目錄

命令:

scp root@192.168.120.204:/opt/soft/nginx-0.5.38.tar.gz /opt/soft/

輸出:

[root@localhost ~]#?cd /opt/soft/?[root@localhost soft]#?ll?總計 80072 drwxr-xr-x 12 root root???? 4096 09-21 18:40 fms3.5 drwxr-xr-x? 3 root root???? 4096 09-21 17:58 fms4.5 drwxr-xr-x 10 root root???? 4096 10-30 17:15 jdk1.6.0_16 drwxr-xr-x 10 root root???? 4096 09-17 19:27 jdk1.6.0_16.bak -rwxr-xr-x? 1 root root 81871260 2009-12-21 jdk-6u16-linux-x64.bin drwxrwxrwx? 2 root root???? 4096 09-21 01:16 mysql drwxr-xr-x? 3 root root???? 4096 09-21 18:40 setup_file drwxr-xr-x? 9 root root???? 4096 09-17 19:23 tomcat6.0.32 drwxr-xr-x? 9 root root???? 4096 2012-08-14 tomcat_7.0 [root@localhost soft]#?scp root@192.168.120.204:/opt/soft/nginx-0.5.38.tar.gz /opt/soft/?root@192.168.120.204's password: nginx-0.5.38.tar.gz?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 100%? 479KB 478.7KB/s?? 00:00??? [root@localhost soft]#?ll?總計 80556 drwxr-xr-x 12 root root???? 4096 09-21 18:40 fms3.5 drwxr-xr-x? 3 root root???? 4096 09-21 17:58 fms4.5 drwxr-xr-x 10 root root???? 4096 10-30 17:15 jdk1.6.0_16 drwxr-xr-x 10 root root???? 4096 09-17 19:27 jdk1.6.0_16.bak -rwxr-xr-x? 1 root root 81871260 2009-12-21 jdk-6u16-linux-x64.bin drwxrwxrwx? 2 root root???? 4096 09-21 01:16 mysql -rw-r--r--? 1 root root?? 490220 03-15 09:11 nginx-0.5.38.tar.gz drwxr-xr-x? 3 root root???? 4096 09-21 18:40 setup_file drwxr-xr-x? 9 root root???? 4096 09-17 19:23 tomcat6.0.32 drwxr-xr-x? 9 root root???? 4096 2012-08-14 tomcat_7.0 [root@localhost soft]#

說明:

從192.168.120.204機器上的/opt/soft/的目錄中下載nginx-0.5.38.tar.gz?文件到本地/opt/soft/目錄中

實例2:從遠(yuǎn)處復(fù)制到本地

命令:

scp -r root@192.168.120.204:/opt/soft/mongodb /opt/soft/

輸出:

[root@localhost soft]#?ll?總計 80556 drwxr-xr-x 12 root root???? 4096 09-21 18:40 fms3.5 drwxr-xr-x? 3 root root???? 4096 09-21 17:58 fms4.5 drwxr-xr-x 10 root root???? 4096 10-30 17:15 jdk1.6.0_16 drwxr-xr-x 10 root root???? 4096 09-17 19:27 jdk1.6.0_16.bak -rwxr-xr-x? 1 root root 81871260 2009-12-21 jdk-6u16-linux-x64.bin drwxrwxrwx? 2 root root???? 4096 09-21 01:16 mysql -rw-r--r--? 1 root root?? 490220 03-15 09:11 nginx-0.5.38.tar.gz drwxr-xr-x? 3 root root???? 4096 09-21 18:40 setup_file drwxr-xr-x? 9 root root???? 4096 09-17 19:23 tomcat6.0.32 drwxr-xr-x? 9 root root???? 4096 2012-08-14 tomcat_7.0 [root@localhost soft]#?scp -r root@192.168.120.204:/opt/soft/mongodb /opt/soft/?root@192.168.120.204's password: mongodb-linux-i686-static-1.8.5.tgz?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 100%?? 28MB? 28.3MB/s?? 00:01??? README??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 100%? 731???? 0.7KB/s?? 00:00??? THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 100% 7866???? 7.7KB/s?? 00:00??? mongorestore????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 100% 7753KB?? 7.6MB/s?? 00:00??? mongod??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 100% 7760KB?? 7.6MB/s?? 00:01??? mongoexport?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 100% 7744KB?? 7.6MB/s?? 00:00??? bsondump????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 100% 7737KB?? 7.6MB/s?? 00:00??? mongofiles??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 100% 7748KB?? 7.6MB/s?? 00:01??? mongostat???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 100% 7808KB?? 7.6MB/s?? 00:00??? mongos??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 100% 5262KB?? 5.1MB/s?? 00:01??? mongo???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 100% 3707KB?? 3.6MB/s?? 00:00??? mongoimport?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 100% 7754KB?? 7.6MB/s?? 00:00??? mongodump???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 100% 7773KB?? 7.6MB/s?? 00:00??? GNU-AGPL-3.0????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 100%?? 34KB? 33.7KB/s?? 00:00??? [root@localhost soft]#?ll?總計 80560 drwxr-xr-x 12 root root???? 4096 09-21 18:40 fms3.5 drwxr-xr-x? 3 root root???? 4096 09-21 17:58 fms4.5 drwxr-xr-x 10 root root???? 4096 10-30 17:15 jdk1.6.0_16 drwxr-xr-x 10 root root???? 4096 09-17 19:27 jdk1.6.0_16.bak -rwxr-xr-x? 1 root root 81871260 2009-12-21 jdk-6u16-linux-x64.bin drwxr-xr-x? 3 root root???? 4096 03-15 09:18 mongodb drwxrwxrwx? 2 root root???? 4096 09-21 01:16 mysql -rw-r--r--? 1 root root?? 490220 03-15 09:11 nginx-0.5.38.tar.gz drwxr-xr-x? 3 root root???? 4096 09-21 18:40 setup_file drwxr-xr-x? 9 root root???? 4096 09-17 19:23 tomcat6.0.32 drwxr-xr-x? 9 root root???? 4096 2012-08-14 tomcat_7.0 [root@localhost soft]#

說明:

從192.168.120.204機器上的/opt/soft/中下載mongodb?目錄到本地的/opt/soft/目錄來。

實例3:上傳本地文件到遠(yuǎn)程機器指定目錄

命令:

scp /opt/soft/nginx-0.5.38.tar.gz root@192.168.120.204:/opt/soft/scptest

輸出:

上傳前目標(biāo)機器的目標(biāo)目錄: [root@localhost soft]#?cd scptest/?[root@localhost scptest]#?ll?總計 0 [root@localhost scptest]#?ll?本地機器上傳: [root@localhost soft]#?scp /opt/soft/nginx-0.5.38.tar.gz root@192.168.120.204:/opt/soft/scptest?root@192.168.120.204's password: nginx-0.5.38.tar.gz?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 100%? 479KB 478.7KB/s?? 00:00??? [root@localhost soft]#?上傳后目標(biāo)機器的目標(biāo)目錄: [root@localhost scptest]#?ll?總計 484 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 490220 03-15 09:25 nginx-0.5.38.tar.gz [root@localhost scptest]#

說明:

復(fù)制本地opt/soft/目錄下的文件nginx-0.5.38.tar.gz?到遠(yuǎn)程機器192.168.120.204的opt/soft/scptest目錄

實例4:上傳本地目錄到遠(yuǎn)程機器指定目錄

命令:

scp -r /opt/soft/mongodb root@192.168.120.204:/opt/soft/scptest

輸出:

上傳前目標(biāo)機器的目標(biāo)目錄: [root@localhost ~]#?cd /opt/soft/scptest/?[root@localhost scptest]#?ll?總計 484 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 490220 03-15 09:25 nginx-0.5.38.tar.gz [root@localhost scptest]#?本地機器上傳: [root@localhost ~]#?scp -r /opt/soft/mongodb root@192.168.120.204:/opt/soft/scptest?root@192.168.120.204's password: mongodb-linux-i686-static-1.8.5.tgz?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 100%?? 28MB? 28.3MB/s?? 00:01??? README??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 100%? 731???? 0.7KB/s?? 00:00??? THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 100% 7866???? 7.7KB/s?? 00:00??? mongorestore????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 100% 7753KB?? 7.6MB/s?? 00:00??? mongod??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 100% 7760KB?? 7.6MB/s?? 00:01??? mongoexport?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 100% 7744KB?? 7.6MB/s?? 00:00??? bsondump????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 100% 7737KB?? 7.6MB/s?? 00:00??? mongofiles??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 100% 7748KB?? 7.6MB/s?? 00:00??? mongostat???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 100% 7808KB?? 7.6MB/s?? 00:01??? mongos??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 100% 5262KB?? 5.1MB/s?? 00:00??? mongo???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 100% 3707KB?? 3.6MB/s?? 00:00??? mongoimport?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 100% 7754KB?? 7.6MB/s?? 00:01??? mongodump???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 100% 7773KB?? 7.6MB/s?? 00:00??? GNU-AGPL-3.0????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 100%?? 34KB? 33.7KB/s?? 00:00??? [root@localhost ~]#?上傳后目標(biāo)機器的目標(biāo)目錄: [root@localhost scptest]#?ll?總計 488 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root?? 4096 03-15 09:33 mongodb -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 490220 03-15 09:25 nginx-0.5.38.tar.gz [root@localhost scptest]#

轉(zhuǎn)載于:https://www.cnblogs.com/fnlingnzb-learner/p/9597303.html

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