1. 判斷語(yǔ)句正確錯(cuò)誤

1)、MOV BL, CX: 可行但mov的源比目標(biāo)長(zhǎng)度大，會(huì)導(dǎo)致數(shù)據(jù)丟失。警告：Operand types must match

2)、MOV DS, SS: 錯(cuò)誤，ds是數(shù)據(jù)段寄存器，ss是棧寄存器，都屬于段寄存器。8086不支持段寄存器之間傳送數(shù)據(jù)。報(bào)錯(cuò)：Wrong type of register

3)、MOV [BX], [DI]: 錯(cuò)誤，不能從存儲(chǔ)單元到存儲(chǔ)單元。報(bào)錯(cuò)： Improper operand type

4)、MOV AL, BX: 可行但mov的源比目標(biāo)長(zhǎng)度大，會(huì)導(dǎo)致數(shù)據(jù)丟失。警告：Operand types must match

5)、MOV ES, AL: 源不能比目標(biāo)長(zhǎng)度短，報(bào)錯(cuò)：Wrong type of register

6)、MOV DS, DX: OK

7)、MOV CS, AX: 錯(cuò)誤，CS不能作為目標(biāo)寄存器。Illegal use of CS register

8)、MOV BX, CS：正確。

9)、MOV DS, 1230H: 錯(cuò)誤，立即數(shù)不能直接送段寄存器。Immediate mode illegal

10)、MOVSX DS, AL: 錯(cuò)誤，8086中不支持該指令。報(bào)錯(cuò): Expected: instruction or directive

11)、XCHG BX, 3: 寄存器間交換指令任何一個(gè)操作數(shù)不能是立即數(shù)。報(bào)錯(cuò)： Immediate mode illegal

12)、POP CS: 不能POP CS段寄存器。報(bào)錯(cuò)：llegal use of CS register

13)、MOV IP, SI：IP不能作為目標(biāo)寄存器。報(bào)錯(cuò)：Symbol not defined:IP

14)、PUSH CS: 正確

15)、PUSH BL: BL的大小不符合。警告：Illegal size for operand

16)、MOV [SP], BX: 正確

17)、MOV AX, BX+3: 錯(cuò)誤，BX+3是一個(gè)值，不是內(nèi)存地址指針。 報(bào)錯(cuò): Illegal use of register

18)、MOV AX, [BX+3]: 正確

19)、MOV BX, [BX]：正確

20)、MOV BH, [BL]：錯(cuò)誤，BL不能作為內(nèi)存地址。報(bào)錯(cuò):Must be index or base register

21)、XCHG ES, AX: 錯(cuò)誤， XCHG操作任何一個(gè)操作數(shù)都不能為段寄存器。報(bào)錯(cuò)：Improper use of segment register

22)、LEA AX, [BX+SI]：正確。

23)、MUL 10H: 錯(cuò)誤，MUL的操作數(shù)不能是立即數(shù)。報(bào)錯(cuò)：Immediate mode illegal

24)、IMUL DX, 10H：錯(cuò)誤，IMUL只有一個(gè)操作數(shù)。警告:Extra characters on line

25)、DIV 10：錯(cuò)誤，DIV的操作數(shù)不能是立即數(shù)。報(bào)錯(cuò)：Immediate mode illegal

26)、IDIV DX, 10H：錯(cuò)誤，IDIV只有一個(gè)操作數(shù)。警告:Extra characters on line

27)、SHL AX, CX：錯(cuò)誤，移動(dòng)位數(shù)要用1或者CL指示。報(bào)錯(cuò)：Constant expected

28)、SHR BX, CH：錯(cuò)誤，移動(dòng)位數(shù)要用1或者CL指示。報(bào)錯(cuò)：Constant expected

29)、ROL BX, 20：錯(cuò)誤，循環(huán)左移的位數(shù)大于1時(shí)必須用CL指示。報(bào)錯(cuò)：Improper operand type

30)、RCR AX, CL：正確

31)、CMP AX,1234H：正確

32)、CMP 12H, CL：錯(cuò)誤，CMP第一個(gè)操作數(shù)不能是立即數(shù)。報(bào)錯(cuò)：Immediate mode illegal

33)、JCXZ next：正確。

34)、JEBXZ next：錯(cuò)誤： 8086中沒(méi)有該指令。報(bào)錯(cuò)：Expected：instruction or directive。

2. 匯編程序

13.編寫(xiě)一個(gè)程序，統(tǒng)計(jì)在雙字變量DDVAR的內(nèi)容中二進(jìn)制位是1的位數(shù)，并存入變量COUNT中

.model small .datanum dd 0fffffffhnl EQU word ptr numnh EQU word ptr num+2count dw 0 .code start:mov ax,@datamov ds,axmov ax,nl ;計(jì)算低16位1的個(gè)數(shù)call count1mov ax,nh ;計(jì)算高16位1的個(gè)數(shù)call count1mov dx,count ;將count放在dx寄存器中，便于調(diào)試觀察mov ax,4c00hint 21hcount1 proc nearmov cl,16 work:shl ax,1 ;左移1位，最高位放入cfjnc ctninc count ;cf為1則計(jì)數(shù)器加1 ctn:loop workret count1 endpend start

15.編寫(xiě)一個(gè)程序把字符串String兩端的空格刪除（字符串以0結(jié)束）。

.model small .datastr db " Bow to Hungry. ",0EndOfString EQU 0 ;字符串尾標(biāo)志Blank EQU 20h ;空格 .stack 200h .code start:mov ax,@datamov ds,axcall trimmov ax,4c00hint 21h;刪除字符串兩端的空格 trim proc nearlea bx,strlea ax,str;找到第一個(gè)非空格 pre:cmp byte ptr [bx],EndOfStringje exit cmp byte ptr [bx],Blankjne mvinc bxjmp pre;將非空格位置起的字符串前移 mv:push bxmov dl,[bx]mov bx,axmov [bx],dlinc axpop bxinc bxcmp byte ptr [bx],EndOfStringje sufjmp mv;從后向前找到最后一個(gè)非空格 suf:dec bxcmp byte ptr [bx],Blankjne prntjmp suf;輸出字符串 prnt:mov byte ptr [bx+1],'$'lea dx,strmov ah,9int 21h exit:ret trim endpend start

17.用雙重循環(huán)將下三角乘法表存入從Result開(kāi)始的45字節(jié)中。
自己添加了輸出顯示。

.model small .dataresult db 45 dup(?)tmp db 5 dup(0),'$' ;十進(jìn)制輸出緩沖區(qū)buf EQU offset tmp+5 ;輸出緩沖區(qū)尾cr = 0dh ;回車(chē)符lf = 0ah ;換行符blk = 20h ;空格num = 9 ;循環(huán)次數(shù) .stack 200h .code start:mov ax,@datamov ds,ax;將result地址放入B寄存器lea bx,result;也可以相對(duì)基址變址尋址方式 mov bx,0mov cl,num ;外層循環(huán) 9~1 for1:mov ax,cx ;內(nèi)層循環(huán) cx~9push cx ;保護(hù)外層循環(huán)的c寄存器 for2:push axmul cl ;計(jì)算 ax <- al*clmov word ptr [bx],ax;相對(duì)基址變址尋址方式 mov word ptr result[bx],axinc bxcall outputcall blankpop axinc axcmp ax,numjle for2pop cxcall endlloop for1mov ax,4c00hint 21h;輸出ax中的十進(jìn)制數(shù) output proc nearpush axpush bxpush cxpush dxmov bx,buf outloop:or ax,axjz outloopfin ;ax為0則結(jié)束mov dx,0mov cx,10div cx ;dx:ax除以10，余數(shù)在dx中add dx,'0';轉(zhuǎn)換為字符dec bxmov byte ptr [bx],dljmp outloop outloopfin:mov dx,bxmov ah,9int 21hpop dxpop cxpop bxpop axret output endp;輸出換行 endl proc nearpush axpush dxmov dl,crmov ah,2int 21hmov dl,lfmov ah,2int 21hpop dxpop axret endl endp;輸出空格 blank proc nearpush axpush dxmov dl,blkmov ah,2int 21hpop dxpop axret blank endpend start

4.22分別編寫(xiě)以下子程序?qū)崿F(xiàn)下列功能（所有變量都是字類(lèi)型）
1）ABS（x）=|x|
2) \(F(x)=3x^2+5x-8\)
3) strlen(String),（求字符串長(zhǎng)度，字符串以0結(jié)束）

.model small .datax dw -2z dw ?str db "sekai ichi kawaii.",0len dw 0 .stack 200h .code start:mov ax,@datamov ds,axcall absxmov ax,16mov x,axcall fcall strlenmov ax,4c00hint 21h ;ABS(x) absx proc nearmov ax,xcmp ax,0jge doneneg ax done:ret absx endp; f(x)=3x^2+5x-8=（3x+5)*x-8 f proc nearpush axmov ax,3mul xadd ax,5mul xsub x,8mov z,axpop axret f endpstrlen proc nearpush axpush bxlea bx,strmov ax,0 for:cmp byte ptr [bx],0je exitinc axinc bxjmp for exit:mov len,axpop bxpop axret strlen endp end start

微機(jī)原理與接口技術(shù)習(xí)題4-31：
一個(gè)學(xué)生的信息包括姓名、班級(jí)、學(xué)號(hào)（班內(nèi)序號(hào)）、成績(jī)。試編寫(xiě)程序?qū)崿F(xiàn)以下功能：
（1） 能錄入學(xué)生成績(jī)（十進(jìn)制形式）；
（2） 能按要求（如班內(nèi)序號(hào)或成績(jī)）進(jìn)行排序顯示；
（3） 能統(tǒng)計(jì)平均成績(jī)；
（4） 能按分?jǐn)?shù)段統(tǒng)計(jì)人數(shù)，不及格、60～70、70～80、80～90、90～100各分?jǐn)?shù)段的人 數(shù)。

寫(xiě)得有點(diǎn)長(zhǎng)。
origin: 11-12
UPD：2017-11-28 17:20:21 zjl發(fā)現(xiàn)了兩個(gè)bug，統(tǒng)計(jì)分?jǐn)?shù)段時(shí)沒(méi)有清空以及90~100段有問(wèn)題，已修復(fù)。
UPD: 2017-11-29 19:79 lzx 發(fā)現(xiàn)分?jǐn)?shù)段還是不正確。經(jīng)過(guò)思考，發(fā)現(xiàn)我當(dāng)成排好序的了，然后寫(xiě)過(guò)了個(gè)算法。另外注意，宏太長(zhǎng)會(huì)導(dǎo)致一些跳轉(zhuǎn)失敗，jmp外的跳轉(zhuǎn)指令能跳轉(zhuǎn)的相對(duì)位置有限，所以要用子程序。

;=========================MACRO======================= saveReg macropush axpush bxpush cxpush dxpush si endmrecoverReg macropop sipop dxpop cxpop bxpop ax endm; cx <- x*10 mul10 macro xpush axmov ax, xmov cx, 10imul cxmov cx, axpop ax endm; change ax from string to decimal number toDigit macromov dl, al ; ready to showsub al, '0'; ax-='0'mov ah, 0 endm; output '\n\r' endl macrooutputChar CRoutputChar LF endm; echo input echoIn macromov ah, 01hint 21h endm; ans <- x/10, ans <- x%10 getAns macro xsaveRegmov ax, xmov dx, 0mov cx, 10div cxmov ans, axmov ans2, dxrecoverReg endm; output char outputChar macro charpush axpush dxmov dl, charmov ah, 2int 21hpop dxpop ax endm; output string ends with '$' outputStr macro stringpush dxpush axlea dx, stringmov ah, 9int 21hpop axpop dx endm; read until input is digit. ; store in [al] readNonDigit macrolocal for for:mov ah, 1; echo inputint 21hcmp al, '0'jb for ;<0cmp al, '9'ja for ;>9 endm; input string ends with '\n' or ' ' inputStr macro stringpush bxlea bx, stringcall inStrpop bx endm; input number num inputNum macro numpush cxcall inputNumPromov word ptr num, cxpop cx endminputFloat macro numpush cxcall inputFloatPromov word ptr num,cxpop cx endm; output num outputNum macro numpush axmov ax, word ptr numcall outputNumPropop ax endm; stumov dest,souce ;function: mov student from souce to dest stumov macro dest,soucesaveRegmov ax, dsmov es, ax; (es)<-(ds)lea si, soucelea di, destmov cx, stuSizeshr cx, 1cld;df<-0rep movswrecoverReg endm; stage stage macrolocal begin,end,clearNumFor,for,for2,next,showsaveReg;clear nummov bx,0 clearNumFor:cmp bx,10jae beginmov num[bx],0add bx,2jmp clearNumFor begin:mov ax, 0mov bx, 0 for:cmp ax, nje showmov cx, 600mov dx, 0 for2:cmp word ptr stus[bx].score, cxjb next; <600cmp cx, 1000je next; == 1000add cx,100add dx,2jmp for2 next:inc axpush bxmov bx,dxinc num[bx]pop bxadd bx, stuSizejmp forshow:outputNum num[0]mov bx, 2 nextShow:cmp bx, 10je endoutputChar ','outputNum num[bx]add bx, 2jmp nextShow end:endlrecoverReg endm; swap stua,stub ;function: swap student stua and student stub swap macro stua,stubstumov tmp,stuastumov stua,stubstumov stub,tmp endmclr macro mov ah, 0mov al, 03hint 10h endmPressAny macromov ah, 08hint 21h endm;=========================BEGIN======================= .model small .datastudent strucnm db 10 dup('$')clss db 10 dup('$')id dw ?score dw ?student endsstus student 10 dup(<>)tmp student <>stuSize EQU $-tmpn dw 0ans dw 0ans2 dw 0sum dw 0num dw 6 dup(0)op dw 0hasNum db 0cmpById db 0buf db 6 dup(0), '$'bufptr EQU offset buf+6 .constCR = 0dhLF = 0ahBLK = ' 'DOT = '.'EN_NUM db "Enter the number of students:", '$'EN_DETAIL db "Enter name, class, id and score of each student:",CR,LF, '$'EN_MENU db "MENU:",CR,LFdb "0: exit",CR,LFdb "1: sort by score", CR,LFdb "2: sort by id", CR,LFdb "3: get average score", CR,LFdb "4: get the number of students in each stage",CR,LF,'$'EN_AV db "The average score is:",'$'EN_TH db "Name Class Id Score",CR,LF,'$'EN_PRS db "Press any key to return...",'$'EN_ST db "[0,60),[60,70),[70,80),[80,90),[90,100]",CR,LF,'$' .stack 300h .code start:mov ax, @datamov ds, axclroutputStr EN_NUMinputNum noutputStr EN_DETAILmov cx, nmov bx,0or cx,cxjz MENU ;===================readStu============== readStu:inputStr stus[bx].nminputStr stus[bx].clssinputNum stus[bx].idinputFloat stus[bx].scoremov ax, word ptr stus[bx].scoreadd sum, axadd bx,stuSizeloop readStu ;==================Menu============== MENU:outputStr EN_MENUinputNum opcmp op, 0jne nxOpjmp exit nxOp:cmp op, 2je sortByIdcmp op, 3je averageScorecmp op, 4je everyStage ;=====[ sortByScore ]============ sortByScore:outputStr EN_THmov cmpById, 0call sortjmp PRESS ;=====[ sortById ]============ sortById:outputStr EN_THmov cmpById, 1call sortjmp PRESS ;====[ averageScore ]============ averageScore:outputStr EN_AVmov ax, summov dx, 0or n, 0jz sishewurudiv nshl dx, 1cmp dx, njb sishewuruinc ax sishewuru:getAns axcall outputAnsjmp PRESS ;====[ everyStage ]============== everyStage:outputStr EN_STstage PRESS:outputStr EN_PRSPressAnyclrjmp MENU exit:mov ax, 4c00hint 21h;=============outputNumPro============== ; output a decimal number from ax outputNumPro proc nearsaveRegmov bx, bufptror ax, axjnz outLoopdec bxmov byte ptr [bx], '0'jz show outLoop:or ax, axjz showmov dx, 0mov cx, 10div cxadd dx, '0'dec bx mov byte ptr [bx], dljmp outLoop show:mov dx, bxmov ah, 9int 21hrecoverRegret outputNumPro endp ;===================outputAns============== outputAns proc nearoutputNum ansor ans2, 0je ansEndoutputChar DOToutputNum ans2 ansEnd:endlret outputAns endp;==================outputFun==================== ; output output proc nearpush axpush bxpush cxmov bx, 0mov cx, n for:outputStr stus[bx].nmoutputChar BLKoutputStr stus[bx].clssoutputChar BLKoutputNum stus[bx].idoutputChar BLKmov ax, word ptr stus[bx].scoregetAns axcall outputAnsadd bx, stuSizeloop for return:pop cxpop bxpop axret output endp ;===========Sort=============== ;sort sort proc nearsaveRegmov dx, 1 for1:cmp dx, njne ctnjmp done ;jmp can jump far ctn:mov cx, 1mov ax, nsub ax, dx; n-1..1mov bx, 0push dxmov dx, 0 for2:cmp dx, axjne ctn2jmp next ctn2:push axor cmpById, 0jz sScojmp sId sSco:mov ax, word ptr stus[bx].scorecmp ax, word ptr stus[bx+stuSize].scorejmp by sId:mov ax, word ptr stus[bx].idcmp ax, word ptr stus[bx+stuSize].id by:pop axjbe nex2swap stus[bx], stus[bx+stuSize]mov cx, 0 nex2:inc dxadd bx, stuSizejmp for2 next:pop dxinc dxcmp cx, 1je donejmp for1 done:call outputrecoverRegret sort endp;=============inputFloatPro============== ; input xx.x or xx ; cx <- xx.x * 10 inputFloatPro proc nearpush dxpush bxpush axreadNonDigitmov bx, 0mov cx, 0 whileDigit:cmp al, '0'jb middle ;<0cmp al, '9'ja middle ;>9mov bx, 1mul10 cx; cx=cx*10jo inFEndtoDigitadd cx, ax; cx+=axjo inFEnd diNext:echoInjmp whileDigit middle:mul10 cx; cx=cx*10jo inFEndcmp bx, 1jne inFEndcmp al, '.'jne inFEnd lastdigit:echoIncmp al, '0'jb inFEnd ;<0cmp al, '9'ja inFEnd ;>9toDigitadd cx, ax; cx+=ax over:echoIncmp al, CRje inFEndcmp al, BLKje inFEndjmp over inFEnd:pop axpop bxpop dxret inputFloatPro endp;=============inputNumPro============== ; input a decimal num to [cx] inputNumPro proc nearpush axpush bxreadNonDigitmov cx, 0 inDecLoop:cmp al, '0'jb inEnd ;<0cmp al, '9'ja inEnd ;>9mul10 cx; cx=cx*10jo inEndtoDigitadd cx, ax; cx+=axjo inEnd inNext:echoInjmp inDecLoop inEnd:pop bxpop axret inputNumPro endp;=================inStr================== ; input string ends with '\n' or ' ' to [bx] inStr proc nearpush ax inStrLoop:echoIncmp al, CRje inStrEndcmp al, BLKje inStrEndmov byte ptr [bx],alinc bxjmp inStrLoop inStrEnd:mov byte ptr [bx],'$'pop axret inStr endp end start

(實(shí)驗(yàn))可編程并行接口8255 方式0

code segmentassume cs:code start:mov dx, 28bhmov al, 10001001b out dx, al inout: mov dx, 28ah ;從C口輸入數(shù)據(jù)in al, dxmov dx, 288h ;從A口輸出out dx, almov ah,01hint 16hjz inout ;循環(huán)mov ax, 4c00hint 21h code ends end start

串口通訊8251

.model small .datamsg db 'You can play a key on the keyboard~',0ah,0dh,'$'control_port8254 EQU 283hdata0_port8254 EQU 280hcontrol_port8251 EQU 2b9hdata_port8251 EQU 2b8h .codeassume cs:@code,ds:@data start:mov ax,@datamov ds,axmov dx,control_port8254 ;8254初始化mov al,00010110b ;8254 計(jì)數(shù)器0工作在方式3out dx,almov dx,data0_port8254 ;將初值寫(xiě)入計(jì)數(shù)器0mov al,52out dx,almov dx,control_port8251 ;8251初始化mov al,01000000b ;復(fù)位命令字out dx,alnop ;延時(shí)mov al,01001110b ;方式控制字(異步方式，字長(zhǎng)8，無(wú)校驗(yàn)，波特率因子16)out dx,almov al,00100111b ;工作命令字（RTS，ER，RXE，DTR，TXEN置1）out dx,allea dx,msg ;提示信息mov ah,09hint 21hfor1: mov dx,control_port8251 ;TxRDY為1？in al,dxtest al,01hjz for1for2: mov ah,01 ;讀鍵盤(pán)int 21hcmp al,27 ;是否是ESCjz exitinc almov dx,data_port8251out dx,alfor3: mov dx,control_port8251 ;DxRDY為1？in al,dxtest al,02hjz for3mov dx,data_port8251 ;從8251數(shù)據(jù)口接收數(shù)據(jù)in al,dxmov dl,almov ah,02 ;顯示數(shù)據(jù)int 21hjmp for1exit: mov ax,4c00h ;返回操作系統(tǒng)int 21h end start 創(chuàng)作挑戰(zhàn)賽新人創(chuàng)作獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)來(lái)咯，堅(jiān)持創(chuàng)作打卡瓜分現(xiàn)金大獎(jiǎng)

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