一、鍵盤

1.虛擬鍵碼：Windows系統下所有的按鍵被視為虛擬鍵(包含鼠標在內)，每一個虛擬鍵都有其對應的虛擬鍵碼；

2.鍵盤消息

(1)VM_KEWDOWN：按下按鍵消息；

(2)VM_KEYUP?????? ：松開按鍵消息；

(3)VM_CHAR???????? ：字符消息，當按下的按鍵為定義于ASCII碼中的可打印字符時，便發出此字符消息；

3.系統鍵

(1)VM_SYSKEYDOWN：按下系統鍵消息；

(2)VM_SYSKEYUP????? ：松開系統鍵消息；

二、鍵盤消息處理

1.LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)

(1)wParam：表示按下按鍵的虛擬鍵碼；

(2)lParam? ：存儲按鍵的相關狀態信息；

三、利用鍵盤上、下、左、右控制人物

1.首先設置人物的起始貼圖坐標和起始方向，用0、1、2、3表示上、下、左、右，起始設為0；

2.初始化函數中，除貼背景圖外，根據方向選擇要貼的人物，還有根據方向判斷人物圖的寬和高，以便進行透明處理和貼圖

?? 操作，此時若沒有按鍵操作，WinMain函數將每隔一段時間進行貼圖操作，從而實現了人物的原地跑動；

3.若此時按下向下的按鍵，消息處理函數接收按鍵消息，接著要判斷當前人物所處的方向，根據不同的方向，適當修正，只要有

?? 明顯下移就可以，然后判斷y的值不能比地圖的高還大，要設臨界值；

4.更改了貼圖坐標后，把方向設為1(下是1)，然后就去指向繪圖函數，然后又是重復2的操作；

四、效果

五、代碼如下

#include "stdafx.h" #include <stdio.h>HINSTANCE hInst; HBITMAP girl[4],bg; HDC hdc,mdc,bufdc; HWND hWnd; DWORD tPre,tNow; int num,dir,x,y;//num:連續圖中的小圖編號;dir:人物移動的方向;x,y為人物貼圖坐標ATOM MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance); BOOL InitInstance(HINSTANCE, int); LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM); void MyPaint(HDC hdc);int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,LPSTR lpCmdLine,int nCmdShow) {MSG msg;MyRegisterClass(hInstance);if (!InitInstance (hInstance, nCmdShow)) {return FALSE;}while( msg.message!=WM_QUIT ){if( PeekMessage( &msg, NULL, 0,0 ,PM_REMOVE) ){TranslateMessage( &msg );DispatchMessage( &msg );}else{tNow = GetTickCount();if(tNow-tPre >= 40)MyPaint(hdc);}}return msg.wParam; }ATOM MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance) {WNDCLASSEX wcex;wcex.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX); wcex.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;wcex.lpfnWndProc = (WNDPROC)WndProc;wcex.cbClsExtra = 0;wcex.cbWndExtra = 0;wcex.hInstance = hInstance;wcex.hIcon = NULL;wcex.hCursor = NULL;wcex.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);wcex.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW+1);wcex.lpszMenuName = NULL;wcex.lpszClassName = "canvas";wcex.hIconSm = NULL;return RegisterClassEx(&wcex); }BOOL InitInstance(HINSTANCE hInstance, int nCmdShow) {HBITMAP bmp;hInst = hInstance;hWnd = CreateWindow("canvas", "繪圖窗口" , WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);if (!hWnd){return FALSE;}MoveWindow(hWnd,10,10,640,500,true);ShowWindow(hWnd, nCmdShow);UpdateWindow(hWnd);hdc = GetDC(hWnd);mdc = CreateCompatibleDC(hdc);bufdc = CreateCompatibleDC(hdc);bmp = CreateCompatibleBitmap(hdc,640,480);SelectObject(mdc,bmp);x = 300;y = 250;//人物的起始貼圖位置(300,250)dir = 0;//起始面向上num = 0;girl[0] = (HBITMAP)LoadImage(NULL,"girl0.bmp",IMAGE_BITMAP,440,148,LR_LOADFROMFILE);girl[1] = (HBITMAP)LoadImage(NULL,"girl1.bmp",IMAGE_BITMAP,424,154,LR_LOADFROMFILE);girl[2] = (HBITMAP)LoadImage(NULL,"girl2.bmp",IMAGE_BITMAP,480,148,LR_LOADFROMFILE);girl[3] = (HBITMAP)LoadImage(NULL,"girl3.bmp",IMAGE_BITMAP,480,148,LR_LOADFROMFILE);bg = (HBITMAP)LoadImage(NULL,"bg.bmp",IMAGE_BITMAP,640,480,LR_LOADFROMFILE);MyPaint(hdc);return TRUE; }void MyPaint(HDC hdc) {int w,h;SelectObject(bufdc,bg);BitBlt(mdc,0,0,640,480,bufdc,0,0,SRCCOPY);SelectObject(bufdc,girl[dir]);switch(dir){case 0:w = 55;h = 74;break;case 1:w = 53;h = 77;break;case 2:w = 60;h = 74;break;case 3:w = 60;h = 74;break;}BitBlt(mdc,x,y,w,h,bufdc,num*w,h,SRCAND);BitBlt(mdc,x,y,w,h,bufdc,num*w,0,SRCPAINT);BitBlt(hdc,0,0,640,480,mdc,0,0,SRCCOPY);tPre = GetTickCount(); num++;if(num == 8)num = 0;}//Esc鍵結束程序 //方向鍵重設貼圖坐標 LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) {switch (message){case WM_KEYDOWN: switch (wParam) {case VK_ESCAPE: PostQuitMessage( 0 );break;case VK_UP: switch(dir){case 0: y -= 10;break;case 1:x -= 1;y -= 8;break;case 2: x += 2;y -= 10;break;case 3:x += 2;y -= 10;break;}if(y < 0)y = 0;dir = 0;break;case VK_DOWN: switch(dir){case 0:x += 1;y += 8;break;case 1:y += 10;break;case 2:x += 3;y += 6;break;case 3:x += 3;y += 6;break;}if(y > 375)y = 375;dir = 1;break;case VK_LEFT: switch(dir){case 0:x -= 12;break;case 1:x -= 13;y += 4;break;case 2:x -= 10;break;case 3:x -= 10;break;}if(x < 0)x = 0;dir = 2;break;case VK_RIGHT: switch(dir){case 0:x += 8;break;case 1:x += 7;y += 4;break;case 2:x += 10;break;case 3:x += 10;break;}if(x > 575) //640-60x = 575;dir = 3;break;}break;case WM_DESTROY: int i;DeleteDC(mdc);DeleteDC(bufdc);for(i=0;i<4;i++)DeleteObject(girl[i]);DeleteObject(bg);ReleaseDC(hWnd,hdc);PostQuitMessage(0);break;default: return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);}return 0; }

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